Intensity and mechanisms of deltamethrin and permethrin resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations in southern Benin

Table 4 Result of statistical analysis of mean (± SE) mixed-function oxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and esterase activity in An. gambiae s.l. populations

Strain	α-Esterase	β-Esterase	MFO	GST
Strain	(µmol α-Naph/min/mg protein)	(µmol β-Naph/min/mg protein)	(nmol/P450/min/mg protein)	(nmol/GSH conj/min/mg protein)
Kisumu	0.101 ± 0.010^a	0.091 ± 0.009^a	0.052 ± 0.008^a	0.222 ± 0.027^a
Cotonou	0.113 ± 0.021^a	0.151 ± 0.024^b	0.052 ± 0.011^a	0.398 ± 0.062^b
Porto-Novo	0.132 ± 0.010^b	0.122 ± 0.009^a	0.050 ± 0.006^a	0.209 ± 0.034^a
Bohicon	0.148 ± 0.020^b	0.164 ± 0.023^b	0.053 ± 0.009^a	0.365 ± 0.051^b
Allada	0.089 ± 0.011^a	0.106 ± 0.015^a	0.048 ± 0.004^a	0.418 ± 0.052^b
Adjohoun	0.058 ± 0.009^c	0.072 ± 0.016^a	0.039 ± 0.008^a	0.261 ± 0.044^a
One-way ANOVA	F = 14.42; df = 5, 221;	F = 13.88; df = 5, 221;	F = 01.05; df = 5, 221;	F = 16.34; df = 5, 221;
One-way ANOVA	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001	p < 0.5728	p < 0.0001

MFO mixed-function oxidases, GST glutathione S-transferase, GSH glutathione. Means followed by different letters are significantly different, p < 0.05, Tukey’s test
*Significant increase in mean differences compared to the laboratory reference strain, p < 0.05, t test. In the same column, the values indexed to the same letter are not significantly different

ISSN: 1756-3305